There is nothing new
under the sun. (Ecclesiastes 1:9)
Dear Anna,
I did my non-biblical devotions this morning from The Portable Renaissance Reader. It’s a collection of short reads from various Renaissance writers and troubadours. So, this morning’s short read came from NiccolĂ´ Machiavelli written in 1517—couldn’t help but think of you. It’s called “The Circle of Governments.” Let me send it your way. Maybe we can discuss around the morning fire when you get home, okay?
Machiavelli describes three possible forms of government
(I suppose you know all this):
1. Monarchical becomes tyranny
2. Aristocratic degenerates into oligarchy
3. Democratic lapses into licentiousness.
Then Machiavelli concludes: “I say, then, that all kinds of governments are defective; those three which we have qualified as good because they are too short-lived, and the three bad ones because of their inherent viciousness. Thus sagacious legislators, knowing the vices of each of these systems of government by themselves, have chosen one that should partake of all of them, judging that to be the most stable and solid. In fact, when there is combined under the same constitution a prince, a nobility, and the power of the people, then these three powers will watch and keep each other reciprocally in check.”
So that’s where we got our notion of checks and balances—written some 270 years before our nation’s Constitution. Now I’m finding out that Machiavelli was merely commenting on Aristotle’s Politics some 2,200 years before our Constitution. Maybe there really isn’t anything new under the sun, as Ecclesiastes keeps telling us. Our nation’s founders must have been classicists like you.
Love you, Papa